Open Source PHP Alternatives

An object-oriented, high-level, general-purpose programming language with an easy-to-learn syntax. Python was first released in 1991 by Guido van Rossum with a design philosophy that emphasises code readability. Today Python is one of the most widely used programming languages where it is used in everything from data science, machine learning and AI to modern web, mobile and desktop applications.

Ruby is a free and open-source interpreted, high-level, general-purpose programming language. The language was created by Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto from Japan in the mid-1990s. Today, Ruby has a friendly and growing community from all over the world and is openly developed and maintained. According to its creator Yukihiro, the language share many similarities with Perl, Smalltalk, Eiffel, Ada, Basic, and Lisp, all of which Ruby was influenced by.

Perl is a family high-level, general-purpose, interpreted, dynamic programming languages. The project is open-source and has been in community development for over 30 years. Perl is a highly capable language and feature rich language with over 25,000 community created extensions.

JavaScript is a scripting or programming language that conforms to the ECMAScript specification. The language is mainly used to create complex features for web pages, but is also used other software project. Javascript has curly-bracket syntax, dynamic typing, prototype-based object-orientation, and first-class functions and is mostly just-in-time compiled.

At Google I/O 2017, Kotlin was announced as to official development and programming language for Android. As it became the third language to be fully supported by the platform with Java and C++. However, Kotlin can also be used cross-paltform for native, server-side and web development as well as for data science projects. The language is statically typed and general-purpose, and is designed from the bottom up to increase developer happiness. 

C# is a general-purpose and multi-paradigm programming language. C# encompasses strong typing, lexically scoped, imperative, declarative, functional, generic, object-oriented, and component-oriented programming disciplines.

Haskell is a free and open-source purely-functional programming language. The language has been around since the 1990's and has pioneered a number of advanced programming language features such as type classes, which enable type-safe operator overloading. Haskell is an open-source project of more than twenty years of scientific research and provides built-in concurrency and parallelism, debuggers, profilers and rich libraries that can be used to build robust applications while following functional programming patterns.

A general-purpose, concurrent, functional programming language used to build massively scalable soft real-time systems with requirements on high availability. Erlang comes bundled with the OTP, the Open Telecom Platform which is a runtime system first developed by Ericsson to handle the Swedish telecom infrastructure in the early 80's. The term Erlang and OTP is today used interchangeably and includes the runtime, the language and ready-to-use components built specifically for the ecosystem. To this day, Erlang is used in various sectors and applications like telecoms, banking, e-commerce, computer telephony and instant messaging. As the language is suitable for critical infrastructure and applications that requires high availability and real-time features, running at scale.

A dynamic, functional programming language that tuns on top of the Erlang Virtual Machine. A VM known for running low-latency, distributed and fault-tolerant systems. Elixir provides productive tooling and an extensible design perfect for building concurrent applications for critical infrastructure

TypeScript is a free and open-source programming language created by Microsoft. The language is a strict syntactical superset of JavaScript and redefines the way developer writes JavaScript-based web applications and software by adding optional static typing in the mix. TypeScript is designed specifically for development of large-scale applications with a need to transcompile into JavaScript.

A free and open general-purpose, object-oriented programming language developed by Ary Borenszweig, Juan Wajnerman, Brian Cardiff and a community with over 300 contributors. Crystal is statically type checked, which means that all code errors will be caught at compile time, rather than fail on runtime. Crystal provides an easy-to-learn syntax similar to Ruby, while at the same time producing performance similar to that of the programming language C.