Elm

vs

OCaml

A family of programming languages dating back to 1958. Lisp is the second-oldest high-level programming language in widespread use today.

A free and open general-purpose, object-oriented programming language developed by Ary Borenszweig, Juan Wajnerman, Brian Cardiff and a community with over 300 contributors. Crystal is statically type checked, which means that all code errors will be caught at compile time, rather than fail on runtime. Crystal provides an easy-to-learn syntax similar to Ruby, while at the same time producing performance similar to that of the programming language C.

A modern, dynamic, and functional dialect of the Lisp and programming language that targets the JVM (Java Virtual Machine). Clojure is a compiled language, yet remains completely dynamic as it combines the approachability and interactive development of a scripting language with an efficient and robust infrastructure for multithreaded programming. The development of Clojure is completely community-driven, while being overseen by its creator Rich Hickey.

Haskell is a free and open-source purely-functional programming language. The language has been around since the 1990's and has pioneered a number of advanced programming language features such as type classes, which enable type-safe operator overloading. Haskell is an open-source project of more than twenty years of scientific research and provides built-in concurrency and parallelism, debuggers, profilers and rich libraries that can be used to build robust applications while following functional programming patterns.

A dynamic, functional programming language that tuns on top of the Erlang Virtual Machine. A VM known for running low-latency, distributed and fault-tolerant systems. Elixir provides productive tooling and an extensible design perfect for building concurrent applications for critical infrastructure

A general-purpose, concurrent, functional programming language used to build massively scalable soft real-time systems with requirements on high availability. Erlang comes bundled with the OTP, the Open Telecom Platform which is a runtime system first developed by Ericsson to handle the Swedish telecom infrastructure in the early 80's. The term Erlang and OTP is today used interchangeably and includes the runtime, the language and ready-to-use components built specifically for the ecosystem. To this day, Erlang is used in various sectors and applications like telecoms, banking, e-commerce, computer telephony and instant messaging. As the language is suitable for critical infrastructure and applications that requires high availability and real-time features, running at scale.