Vala Alternatives

C is a free and open-source general-purpose, procedural programming language. The language supports structured programming, lexical variable scope, and recursion, with a static type system. By design, C provides constructs that map efficiently to typical machine instructions. C was first created and released in 1972 at Bell Labs by Dennis Ritchie, today C is used in systems where you need absolute control over memory management such as OS kernels and other mission critical software.

Developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at Bell Labs in 1979, C++ is a general-purpose programming language. C++ was designed as an extension of the work on the programming language C, or "C with Classes". The language run on the most common platforms such as macOS, Windows, Linux and various versions of UNIX. In modern releases of C++ object-oriented, generic, and functional features in addition to facilities for low-level memory manipulation has been introduced.

C# is a general-purpose and multi-paradigm programming language. C# encompasses strong typing, lexically scoped, imperative, declarative, functional, generic, object-oriented, and component-oriented programming disciplines.

Raku is a programming language that intends to carry forward the ideals of the Perl community. The project was formerly known as Perl 6 and was renamed to Raku as of October 2019. Raku introduces many modern concepts to the historical language while keeping Perl compatibility mode as a part of the specification. Raku is developed by an enthusiastic community of volunteers, that strive to push the language forward.

Racket started its life as a Scheme implementation, but has now grown into a general-purpose, multi-paradigm programming language and the world's first ecosystem for language-oriented programming. Racket designed to be a platform for programming language design and implementation where developers can create their own dream language.

A family of programming languages dating back to 1958. Lisp is the second-oldest high-level programming language in widespread use today.

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Eiffel is an free and open-source object-oriented programming language designed at Eiffel Software by Bertrand Meyer back in 1985. Bertrand Meyer had one goal in mind when he created the language, the goal of increasing the reliability of commercial software development. Today Eiffel comes with its own IDE (Integrated Development Environment) called EiffelStudio, the software can be used to write Eiffel code in a single user interface that includes a compiler, interpreter, debugger, browser, metrics tool, profiler, diagram and code inspector.

A general purpose, object-oriented programming language that adds Smalltalk-style messaging to the C programming language. Objective-C was specifically designed for the Apple ecosystem and their respective application programming interfaces, Cocoa and Cocoa Touch for building applications for macOS and iOS. Since 2014 the Apple ecosystem rely on their new programming language Swift.

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