Vala

vs

OCaml

C is a free and open-source general-purpose, procedural programming language. The language supports structured programming, lexical variable scope, and recursion, with a static type system. By design, C provides constructs that map efficiently to typical machine instructions. C was first created and released in 1972 at Bell Labs by Dennis Ritchie, today C is used in systems where you need absolute control over memory management such as OS kernels and other mission critical software.

Developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at Bell Labs in 1979, C++ is a general-purpose programming language. C++ was designed as an extension of the work on the programming language C, or "C with Classes". The language run on the most common platforms such as macOS, Windows, Linux and various versions of UNIX. In modern releases of C++ object-oriented, generic, and functional features in addition to facilities for low-level memory manipulation has been introduced.

C# is a general-purpose and multi-paradigm programming language. C# encompasses strong typing, lexically scoped, imperative, declarative, functional, generic, object-oriented, and component-oriented programming disciplines.

Haskell is a free and open-source purely-functional programming language. The language has been around since the 1990's and has pioneered a number of advanced programming language features such as type classes, which enable type-safe operator overloading. Haskell is an open-source project of more than twenty years of scientific research and provides built-in concurrency and parallelism, debuggers, profilers and rich libraries that can be used to build robust applications while following functional programming patterns.

A dynamic, functional programming language that tuns on top of the Erlang Virtual Machine. A VM known for running low-latency, distributed and fault-tolerant systems. Elixir provides productive tooling and an extensible design perfect for building concurrent applications for critical infrastructure

A general-purpose, concurrent, functional programming language used to build massively scalable soft real-time systems with requirements on high availability. Erlang comes bundled with the OTP, the Open Telecom Platform which is a runtime system first developed by Ericsson to handle the Swedish telecom infrastructure in the early 80's. The term Erlang and OTP is today used interchangeably and includes the runtime, the language and ready-to-use components built specifically for the ecosystem. To this day, Erlang is used in various sectors and applications like telecoms, banking, e-commerce, computer telephony and instant messaging. As the language is suitable for critical infrastructure and applications that requires high availability and real-time features, running at scale.